How Harmful is Pornography for Children? Pornography is printed or visual material containing explicit description or display of sexual activities. Exposure to explicit online content can cause children and young people to develop different sexual literacies. Pornography exists within a broader sociocultural context in which stereotypes about gender, sexism, sexual objectification and violence-supportive attitudes are also at play. Nearly half of the children between the ages of 9-16 experience regular exposure to sexual images. Young males are more likely than females to deliberately seek out pornography and to do so frequently. Pornography use can shape sexual practices and is associated with unsafe sexual health practices . It may strengthen attitudes supportive of sexual violence and violence against women. The best approach for parents, caregivers and teachers responding to children's exposure to pornography is to encourage open communication, discussion and critical t...
Riviere's Womanliness as a Masquerade Joan Riviere was a British psychologist, a close friend, and colleague of Melanie Klein. She wrote her own highly influential papers on female sexuality and other topics, particularly Womanliness as a Masquerade (1929). In this paper, she deeply evaluates an area of sexual development in which femininity can be a mask used to hide rivalry with and hatred of men. Here, she explores fraudulent femininity in some women, not overtly homosexual but not entirely heterosexual. In this paper, she is trying to analyse the roots of this homosexual development in women. Riviere's gives the idea that women who wish for masculinity may put on a mask of Womanliness to get free from anxiety and the retribution feared by men. She provides a clear explanation of this through a case study to support this claim: she says that Womanliness is assumed and worn as a mask both to hide the possession of masculinity and to avert the counterattack expected if ...
THE ANALYSIS OF FEW FILMS BASED ON THE ESSAY-VISUAL PLEASURE AND NARRATIVE CINEMA (LAURA MULVEY) Mulvey begins her article by reminding readers of the function of women in the patriarchal unconscious according to psychoanalysis: “she first symbolizes the castration threat by her real absence of a penis and, second, thereby raises her child into the symbolic”. She goes on to explain that “in patriarchal culture [woman stands in] as signifier for the male other, bound by a symbolic order in which man can live out his phantasies and obsessions through linguistic command by imposing them on the silent image of woman still tied to her place as bearer of meaning, not maker of meaning”. She argues that since film is an advanced system of representation (like language and the unconscious), the structure of (mainstream) film reflects and reinforces the prevailing patriarchy which is structured by the desires of man. The Male Gaze theory, in a nutshell, is where women in th...
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